Perspectives | Business Interruption Claims 101

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Business Interruption Claims 101

February 21, 2002 - New York City. We attended the monthly breakfast seminar of the New York Chapter of the Risk and Insurance Management Society.

Patrick Healy, Insurance Manager, Consolidated Edison Company, moderated the panel discussion.

Marilyn J. Needleman, Executive Director - Risk & Insurance Management of Morgan Stanley was the leadoff panelist. She told how her company was affected by the attack on the World Trade Center and how they organized a team to prepare a business interruption claim. The two experts that followed her on this most qualified panel echoed several of the techniques she mentioned.

Kevin M. McCarthy, CPA and Senior Vice President of Marsh Inc.'s Claims Accounting and Preparation Services ("CAPS") practice presented a case study. He used the corporate income tax return of a hypothetical company, an operator of a snack and gift shop near the World Trade Center. From September 11 to October 11 their business was shut by order of the Port Authority of New York. We, the audience, were given time to review the case and offer a solution.

While we admired the simple and non-technical way Mr. McCarthy helped the audience solve the case, privately we thought this to be an unfortunate selection of a hypothetical business. This business suffered no direct/physical damage, because it far away from Ground Zero.

More important, we had recently read in the New York Times about a survey of thousands of businesses conducted by the Alliance for Downtown New York. Their sample of 400 businesses sadly revealed that the majority had no business interruption insurance. Although not mentioned in the Times article, based on our experience in the conduct of many insurance coverage reviews, its our guess that still fewer businesses had their commercial package policies endorsed either to provide contingent business interruption coverage or to provide business income coverage from dependent properties. These are essential to recovering the loss of net earnings when your property has sustained no physical damage.

Steve Ambort, Senior Manager of Deloitte & Touche, offered valuable advice on how to avoid the common pitfalls.

  1. It takes a team approach to be successful in preparing the proof of loss. The team will need a leader, someone to coordinate input from accounting, legal, construction, building engineering and the hired experts.
  2. Read your policy and “tailor your claim to your policy.” In other words, make sure you know where you're coverage problems are and think of ways to overcome them.
  3. Put your "beans in the right pot." For example, make sure your “bean counters” in accounting capture all extra expenditures as a result of the interruption of your business. Don't let people charge items to it for which you will not be able to collect.
  4. “Lead, don't follow.” It takes time to prepare and negotiate a business interruption claim settlement.
  5. Communicate. Above all, make sure senior management has a realistic expectation of the outcome. Don't book an account receivable from the insurance company until you are certain you have a valid claim.

In the Q&A session that followed the risk manager (and controller) of a retail chain asked for advice about a problem in negotiating his physical damage claim. They sustained a total loss of their business personal property in a lease store located in the underground-shopping plaza of the World Trade Center. Their policy, apparently a standard commercial form, is worded to pay actual cash value -- not replacement cost -- in the event the store is not repaired or rebuilt. Should he accept ACV, which is defined as replacement cost minus depreciation?

We were pleased to respond that with the following advice:

Don't be in a hurry to settle. Significant office and commercial store space eventually will be rebuilt on Ground Zero.

Keep the meter running. The end of the period of indemnity is triggered to the moment physical restoration is achieved — and there is no link between the policy period and the period of indemnity. If the insurance company is so eager to settle, get them to pay you replacement cost value on the loss of business personal property. Get them to compensate you for your economic loss due to the early termination of your lease, something called Leasehold Interest Coverage.

Naturally, we were pleased to hear the panelist call for the engagement of business interruption claim experts — whose fees are often paid by the insurance policy. For an outline of how we approach the preparation and negotiation of business interruption claims, select business interruption claims from our Services menu.